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Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB) is one of the monopoly firm operating in Malaysia consumer market. TNB is the largest electric utility company in Malaysia and largest power company in Southeast Asia.  TNB Headquarter, Bangsar, Kuala Lumpur TNB Manjung, Perak As we know, TNB is the largest electric power provider in Malaysia and it is also known as one of the monopoly firms in Malaysia. EMIS (2013) also mentioned that TNB has the license to operate the company as a monopoly firm for 21 years initially. Basically, a monopoly firm can be defined as the one and only seller or producer that sells goods or services to buyers or consumers. Since TNB is the only electricity provider in Malaysia, TNB has full control over price. Thus, TNB has the power to increase the price without any valid or reasonable reason; and they would not worry that their customers will run away. This is because there is no close substitute for a monopoly firm and the company can practic...

THE RICE INDUSTRY IS A PERFECT COMPETITION? Perfect competition exists when there are a very large number of small firms that operating in the identical(homogeneous) product or services and none of who can be affected by the price by increasing output or restricting it because both buyers and sellers are price takers. Furthermore, the companies have perfect knowledge about costs and prices across the market. Everyone is aware of affirm of everyone else's price and has perfect information on the tastes of buyers. In a perfect competition, there are no barriers to enter. One example of an industry in Malaysia that has perfect competition is agriculture, mainly rice. So, there is several company in Malaysia that produce rice such as BERNAS SDN BHD, FAIZA SDN BHD, NINAMAJU SDN  BHD and others Figure 1: Profit maximization using average and marginal revenue and cost curves     What we can see that perfect competition is never likely to exist ...

Google has been negotiating with European regulatory authorities since 2010 in an attempt to settle an antitrust case concerning its search engine, and its third attempt to settle the case has been rejected. Google may also face new antitrust problems over its Android mobile operating system, and it's not alone in facing tough antitrust scrutiny in Europe. Microsoft has also been the subject of a long-running battle in Europe over market dominance issues. But what's motivating this scrutiny from European regulators? What's so bad about a company amassing monopoly power? When firms have such power, they charge prices that are higher than can be justified based upon the costs of production, prices that are higher than they would be if the market was more competitive. With higher prices, consumers will demand less quantity, and hence the quantity produced and consumed will be lower than it would be under a more competitive market structure. The bottom ...