UNEMPLOYMENT ISSUES

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Unemployment

Unemployment or joblessness occurs when those  individuals actively seeking jobs remain unhired within the past four weeks. Unemployment is expressed as a percentage of the total available work force. The level of unemployment varies with economic conditions and other circumstances.
The unemployment rate is a measure of the prevalence of unemployment and it is calculated as a percentage by dividing the number of unemployed individuals currently in the labor force. During periods of recession, an economy usually experiences a relatively high unemployment rate.

 In a 2011 news story, Business Week reported, "More than 200 million people globally are out of work, a record high, as almost two-thirds of advanced economies and half of developing countries are experiencing a slowdown in employment growth" 


Unemployment from Islamic Perspective

According to Qaradawi, unemploymet can be divided into two, namely:
  •  Jabariyah Unemployment, where a person does not have the slightest right to choose this status and are forced to accept it. Generally occurs because the person does not have the skills at all, that may actually be excavated and studied since childhood. Or they had the skills but not useful because they change the environment and age. Or they already had the skills but they were unable to take advantage due to a lack of tools or capital. Example: there is someone who is an expert in farming, but he did not have the tools to plow or a piece of land for cultivation.
  • Khiyariayah Unemployment is someone who has the potential and ability to work but choose to do nothing and laze around, so it becomes a burden to others. they did not seek a job. Islam fight people like this, although if they were saying that they left the work to the concentration of worshiping Allah.
    
  Causes of unemployment
The level of unemployment differs with economic conditions and other market forces. Unemployment occurs when an individual is out of his current job and looking for another job. It also means that they are unemployed during the time period of shifting between two jobs. Normally the job seeker needs few months to hunt for their favourite job.
When there is a mismatch of skilled workers in the labor market, the structural change within an economy will influence the unemployment. Some of the causes of unemployment are geographical immobility, occupational immobility and technological change. Nowadays, most of the companies are using information technology to carry out the job. The employees who have not upgraded himself will disqualify from the company. Moreover they need to go for training to increase their knowledge on the working field.
Unemployment will occur when trade unions and labor organization bargain for higher wages, which leads to fall in the demand for labor. Currently the fresh graduates are hunting for the job which has high salary, nice environment and easy task. They do not have determination and bear hardships to face the challenges.
Unemployment occurs when there is a downturn in an economy, the aggregate demand for goods and services decrease and demand for labor decreases. At the time of recession, unskilled and surplus labors become unemployed. When there is insufficient demand in the economy to maintain full employment, the problem of unemployment will occurs. If demand falls, firms sell less and so reduce production. If there are producing less, this leads to lower demand for workers. Either worker is fired or a firm cuts back on employing new workers. In the worst-case scenarios the fall in demand may be so great a firm goes bankrupt and everyone is made redundant.
WAYS TO REDUCE UNEMPLOYMENT
- Learn about the soft skill like the technical skills, problem solving skill and the communication skills in English language.
- The university or college should increased student exposure to jobs that are in demand to provide better understanding of industry needs.
- Local government can funding and support to improve young people's prospect of finding work.
- Universities and college should present courses associated with work experience.
- Graduates should do their utmost to become qualified.

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